The study explores the effectiveness of the ARIMA(3,1,3) model in predicting market trends, specifically accounting for macroeconomic shifts like the 2026 CPI base year updates. Stationarity ...

Gold (XAU/USD) has long been a cornerstone of financial markets, valued for its role as a safe-haven asset, hedge against inflation, and store of value during economic uncertainty. Its price dynamics ...

Stationarity is a cornerstone assumption in time series analysis, ensuring that statistical properties like mean, variance, and autocovariance remain constant over time. Many models, such as ARIMA, ...

ARIMA models integrate Auto Regression, Moving Average, and differencing to analyse non-stationary time series. Identifying the optimal parameters p, d, and q is crucial for effective time series ...

Time series data often exhibits trends and seasonality, making it non-stationary. Stationarity is essential for accurate forecasting, as time series models assume independence between data points. The ...